What are phospholipids(PL)?

Phospholipids(PL) : chemical structure

 

Phospholipids(PL)

 

 

 

 

Lecithins(Phospholipids, PL) & Lysolecithins(Lysophospholipids, LPL)

 

Nutricional emulsifier mode of action

 

The micelle absorption in the cell

 

 

 

 

 

Absorption micelles

 

 

 

 

Absorption the first step

 

Donald Small, 1991 Annual Reviews Nutrition 11:413-434

 

 

 

 

PHOSPHOLIPIDS  IN CELL MEMBRANE

 

 

 

 

Role of phospholipids in the cell

 

 

 

• Selective control over the IN/OUT transit of substances in cells

             Allow the diffusion of small molecules: O2, CO2, CHO…

• Play a part in cellular respiration, which produces energy from food

 

 

 

Cell membrane

 

COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE

 

 

 

 

세포막의 지질 투과성

 

 

BILAYER FLUIDITY AND PERMEABILITY ; 이중층 유동성 및 투과성

 

 

• the PhospoLipids layer allows: Fats, Liposoluble molecules, Organic molecules

• the PhospoLipids layer not allow: Water, Hydrosoluble molecules

 

 

Importance of lysophospholipids (LPL)

• Less than1% of the total lipids in the cell membrane 
• Play a key role
• Membrane modulators : fluidity / permeability 
• Membrane fluidity increases with PL hydrolysis
• *Permeabilization of the membrane is associated with a decrease in membrane-bound cholesterol
  [Felix Meerson, 1990  *Lyte M. and Shinitzky M. Biochem Biophys [1985] I33-138]
• Through the some detergent action of LPL:

 

 

• LPL modulate membrane channel function
• LPL alter mechanical properties of lipidic bilayers
  - Modify membrane protein function (including ionic channels)
  - Alter gramicidin’s channel function, altering membrane energy deformation 
  - Increase molecular transport through bilayer and channel protein activation 

 

PROTEIN CHANNELS ; Lundbaek and Andersen. J Gen Physiol. 1994 Oct;104(4):645-73

 

 

Arachidonate distribution administered orally in rats

 

LPC and LPS act as arachidonic acid donors for the synthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, leukotrienes, and related important compounds

 Components of the cell membrane
 Gives fluidity and flexibility
 Fundamental role in animal health

 

Gianpietro et al, 1993. J. Lipid Res, 34: 1843-1852